Why do I have explosive watery diarrhea?

Bacteria that cause diarrhea-producing infections include salmonella and E. coli. Contaminated food and fluids are common sources of bacterial infections. Rotavirus, norovirus, and other kinds of viral gastroenteritis, commonly referred to as “stomach flu,” are among the viruses that can cause explosive diarrhea.

healthline.com - Explosive Diarrhea: Causes, Treatment, and More - Healthline

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Do they have the potential to cause harm? Fact-check all health claims: Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence?

Do they align with the current body of scientific evidence? Assess the brand: Does it operate with integrity and adhere to industry best practices? We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. Read more about our vetting process. What is diarrhea? Explosive or severe diarrhea is diarrhea in overdrive. The contractions of your bowels that help you pass feces become stronger and more forceful. Your rectum fills with more volume than it can contain. Often, large amounts of gas accompany severe diarrhea. This increases the ejection and loudness of the bowel movement. Diarrhea is defined as bowel movements of a more liquid consistency, or an increase in the number or volume of bowel movements. The World Health Organization (WHO) is more specific, defining diarrhea as three or more loose or liquid stools a day. Approximately 75 percent of your stool is made of water. The other 25 percent is a combination of: undigested carbohydrates

fiber

protein

fat

mucus

intestinal secretions As feces travel through your digestive system, fluids and electrolytes are added to their content. Normally, your large intestine absorbs the excess fluid. When you have diarrhea, though, digestion speeds up. Either the large intestine isn’t able to absorb the rush of fluid or more than the usual amount of fluids and electrolytes are secreted during digestion. What causes severe diarrhea? Diarrhea is a symptom that occurs with a number of conditions. The most common causes for severe diarrhea include: Bacterial and viral infection Bacteria that cause diarrhea-producing infections include salmonella and E. coli. Contaminated food and fluids are common sources of bacterial infections. Rotavirus, norovirus, and other kinds of viral gastroenteritis, commonly referred to as “stomach flu,” are among the viruses that can cause explosive diarrhea. Anyone can get these viruses. But they’re especially common among school-age children. And they’re common in hospitals and nursing homes, and on cruise ships. Learn more: Is it a stomach bug or food poisoning? Tips for identification » Parasitic infection Parasites like Giardia lamblia and cryptosporidium can cause severe diarrhea, particularly in people with weakened immune systems. As with viral and bacterial causes, these parasites are spread when there’s direct or indirect contact between feces and the mouth. These parasites are found in contaminated drinking water, recreational waters, and food. Day care centers, where caregivers may not wash their hands well enough after changing diapers, are particularly vulnerable to outbreaks. Diseases of the bowel Diarrhea is a common problem for people who have an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis, or celiac disease. Medications Many medications can cause diarrhea. Antibiotics, certain medications used to treat heartburn and acid reflux, and chemotherapy drugs are frequent culprits. Allergies or food intolerance Diarrhea often occurs when you are allergic to, or have an intolerance of, certain foods, like the lactose found in dairy products. Complications of severe diarrhea Explosive diarrhea is usually short-lived. But there are complications that require medical care. These include: Dehydration Loss of fluids from diarrhea can cause dehydration. This is a particular concern in infants and children, older adults, and people with compromised immune systems. An infant can become severely dehydrated within 24 hours. Chronic diarrhea If you have diarrhea for more than four weeks, it’s considered chronic. Your doctor will advise testing to determine the cause of the condition so it can be treated. Hemolytic uremic syndrome Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a rare complication of E. coli infections. It occurs most often in children, though adults, particularly older adults, can get it, too. HUS can cause life-threatening kidney failure if not treated promptly. With treatment, most people fully recover from the condition. Symptoms of HUS include: severe diarrhea, and stools that may be bloody

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fever

abdominal pain

vomiting

decreased urination

bruising

Who is at risk for severe diarrhea? Diarrhea is common. It’s estimated that adults in the United States experience 99 million episodes of diarrhea each year. Some people are at greater risk and include: children and adults who are exposed to feces, especially those who are involved in changing diapers

people who travel to developing countries, particularly in tropical regions

people taking certain medications, including antibiotics and medications used to treat heartburn

people who have bowel disease

When to see your doctor Diarrhea normally clears up within a few days without treatment. But you should see your doctor if you have the following symptoms: diarrhea lasting longer than two days or 24 hours in a child

signs of dehydration, including excessive thirst, dry mouth, reduced urination, or dizziness

blood or pus in your stool, or stool that’s black in color

a fever of 101.5 °F (38.6 °C) or greater in an adult, or 100.4 °F (38 °C) or higher in a child

severe abdominal or rectal pain

diarrhea at night You can connect to a physician in your area using the Healthline FindCare tool. What to expect at your doctor’s appointment Your doctor will ask questions about your symptoms, including: how long you’ve had diarrhea

if your stools are black and tarry, or contain blood or pus

other symptoms you’re experiencing

medications you’re taking You doctor will also ask about any clues you may have as to the cause of the diarrhea. Clues could be a food or fluid you suspect may have something to do with your illness, travel to a developing country, or a day of swimming in a lake After providing these details, your doctor may: do a physical examination

test your stool

order blood tests

How to treat diarrhea In many cases, treatment will involve managing your symptoms while you wait for the diarrhea to pass. The primary treatment for severe diarrhea is to replace fluids and electrolytes. Electrolytes are the minerals in your body fluid that conduct the electricity your body needs to function. Drink more fluids, like water, and juice, or broths. Oral hydration solutions, such as Pedialyte, are formulated specifically for infants and children, and contain important electrolytes. These solutions are also available for adults. Find a great selection here. You can use over-the-counter (OTC) anti-diarrheal medications if your stool isn’t black or bloody, and you don’t have a fever. These symptoms indicate you may have a bacterial infection or parasites, which can be made worse by antidiarrheal medications. OTC medications should not be given to children under the age of two unless approved by a doctor. If your infection is bacterial, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics. Tips for self-care It’s difficult to completely avoid getting severe diarrhea. But there are steps you can take to protect yourself and your family. Sanitation is crucial. Wash your hands with soap and warm water, especially before handling food, after using the toilet, or after changing a diaper.

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If you’re traveling to an area where water purity is a concern, stick with bottled water for drinking and brushing your teeth. And peel raw fruit or vegetables before eating. If you do get explosive diarrhea, there are some steps you can take to make yourself more comfortable and improve your outlook for a speedy recovery: It’s important to rehydrate. Keep sipping water and other fluids. Stick to a diet of clear liquids for a day or two until the diarrhea stops. Avoid sugary fruit juices, caffeine, carbonated drinks, dairy products, and food that’s greasy, overly sweet, or high in fiber. There’s one exception to avoiding dairy products: Yogurt with live, active cultures may help curb diarrhea. Eat a diet of bland, soft foods for a day or two. Starchy foods like cereal, rice, potatoes, and soups made without milk are good choices.

healthline.com - Explosive Diarrhea: Causes, Treatment, and More - Healthline

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