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What is the lunar 11 rule?

The basic rule is: "For astronomical photos of the Moon's surface, set aperture to f/11 and shutter speed to the [reciprocal of the] ISO film speed [or ISO setting]." With ISO 100, the photographer should set the shutter speed to 1/100 or 1/125 second.

en.wikipedia.org - Looney 11 rule - Wikipedia
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Looney 11 exposure of the Moon - 1/200th second, ISO 200, f/11

In lunar photography, the Looney 11 rule (also known as the Looney f/11 rule) is a method of estimating correct exposures without a light meter. For daylight photography, there is a similar rule called the Sunny 16 rule. The basic rule is: "For astronomical photos of the Moon's surface, set aperture to f/11 and shutter speed to the [reciprocal of the] ISO film speed [or ISO setting]." With ISO 100, the photographer should set the shutter speed to 1/100 or 1/125 second. (On some cameras, 1/125 second is the available setting nearest to 1/100 second.)

With ISO 200, set it to 1/200 or 1/250 second.

With ISO 400, set it to 1/400 or 1/500 second.

As with other light readings, shutter speed can be changed as long as the f-number is altered to compensate, e.g. 1/250 second at f/8 gives equivalent exposure to 1/125 second at f/11. Generally, the adjustment is done such that for each step in aperture increase (i.e., decreasing the f-number), the exposure time has to be halved (or equivalently, the shutter speed doubled), and vice versa. This follows the more general rule derived from the mathematical relationship between aperture and exposure time—within reasonable ranges, exposure is proportional to the square of the aperture ratio and proportional to exposure time; thus, to maintain a constant level of exposure, a change in aperture by a factor c requires a change in exposure time by a factor 1/c² and vice versa. Steps in aperture correspond to a factor close to the square root of two, thus the above rule. The intensity of visible sunlight striking the surface of the Moon is essentially the same as at the surface of the Earth. The albedo of the Moon's surface material is lower (darker) than that of the Earth's surface, and the Looney 11 rule increases exposure by one stop versus the Sunny 16 rule. Many photographers simply use the f/16-based Sunny 16 rule, unmodified, for lunar photographs.[1][2][3]

See also [ edit ]

References [ edit ]

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What does S mean in photography?

One of the other letters on the dial is "S," which stands for "Shutter Priority" exposure mode. Canon cameras have "Tv" instead, which stands for "Time Value." It means the same thing as "S."

essentialdigitalcamera.com - What Does the S on My Camera Mean? - Kathy Eyster's Blog

1/1,600 second, f/4, ISO 200

2.5 seconds, f/11, ISO 100

In a previous post I explained that the letter P stands for Program (adjustable automatic) on your advanced camera's exposure dial. One of the other letters on the dial is "S," which stands for "Shutter Priority" exposure mode. Canon cameras have "Tv" instead, which stands for "Time Value." It means the same thing as "S."Shutter Priority exposure mode is a good choice when you want to control how moving subjects appear in your photos. Shutter Priority lets you select a fast shutter speed to stop movement or a slow shutter speed to blur movement. Changing the shutter speed with which you record motion can completely change the appearance of your subject. Since the camera is selecting the aperture to adjust the exposure, you don't have control over the f-stop.You can also adjust the ISO (sensitivity) setting in Shutter Priority exposure mode. Often you set a low ISO number when you want to blur motion. And you may need to use a higher ISO setting when you are trying to stop motion, especially indoors or when the light is dim. Or you can set the ISO to Auto on some models and let the camera decide.You can use flash with Shutter Priority exposure, but it won't come on automatically. And turning on the flash may change the shutter speed you selected so the flash works with the other exposure settings.Learn about Shutter Priority mode and other camera controls in my one-dayclass on June 9, 2018, in Missoula, Montana. Click here to register online.

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