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Does coffee increase blood pressure?

Caffeine may cause a short, but dramatic increase in your blood pressure, even if you don't have high blood pressure. It's unclear what causes this spike in blood pressure. The blood pressure response to caffeine differs from person to person.

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How does caffeine affect blood pressure? Answer From Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, M.D.

Caffeine may cause a short, but dramatic increase in your blood pressure, even if you don't have high blood pressure. It's unclear what causes this spike in blood pressure. The blood pressure response to caffeine differs from person to person. Some researchers believe that caffeine could block a hormone that helps keep your arteries widened. Others think that caffeine causes your adrenal glands to release more adrenaline, which causes your blood pressure to increase. Some people who regularly drink caffeinated beverages have a higher average blood pressure than do those who drink none. Others who regularly drink caffeinated beverages develop a tolerance to caffeine. As a result, caffeine doesn't have a long-term effect on their blood pressure. If you have high blood pressure, ask your doctor whether you should limit or stop drinking caffeinated beverages. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration says 400 milligrams a day of caffeine is generally safe for most people. However, if you're concerned about caffeine's effect on your blood pressure, try limiting the amount of caffeine you drink to 200 milligrams a day — about the same amount as is generally in two 8-ounce (237-milliliter) cups of brewed coffee. Keep in mind that the amount of caffeine in coffee, energy drinks and other beverages varies by brand and method of preparation. Also, if you have high blood pressure, avoid caffeine right before activities that naturally increase your blood pressure, such as exercise, weightlifting or hard physical labor. To see if caffeine might be raising your blood pressure, check your blood pressure before drinking a cup of coffee or other caffeinated beverage and again 30 to 120 minutes afterward. If your blood pressure increases by about 5 to 10 points, you may be sensitive to the blood pressure raising effects of caffeine. If you plan to cut back on caffeine, do so gradually over several days to a week to avoid withdrawal headaches.

With Francisco Lopez-Jimenez, M.D.

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Does your body warn you before a stroke?

Weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, usually on one side of the body. Trouble speaking or understanding. Problems with vision, such as dimness or loss of vision in one or both eyes. Dizziness or problems with balance or coordination.

Warning Signs

Warning Signs of Stroke

Stroke symptoms often happen suddenly, and every person’s symptoms may vary. The warning signs of stroke include: Weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, usually on one side of the body

Trouble speaking or understanding

Problems with vision, such as dimness or loss of vision in one or both eyes

Dizziness or problems with balance or coordination

Problems with movement or walking

Fainting or seizure

Severe headaches with no known cause, especially if they happen suddenly

Other less common symptoms of stroke may include:

Sudden nausea or vomiting not caused by a viral illness

Brief loss or change of consciousness, such as fainting, confusion, seizures or coma

Transient ischemic attack

Called a mini-stroke, a transient ischemic attack (TIA) can cause many of the same symptoms as a stroke. But TIA symptoms are passing. They can last for a few minutes or up to 24 hours. Always seek immediate medical help if you suspect a stroke or TIA.

Think FAST

The National Stroke Association’s acronym FAST can help you quickly determine whether someone is having a stroke:

F (Face): Ask the person to smile. Does one side of his or her face droop?

A (Arms): Ask the person to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward?

S (Speech): Ask for a simple phrase (such as,“You can’t teach an old dog new tricks”) to be repeated. Is speech slurred or hard to understand?

T (Time): If you observe any of these signs, call 911 immediately.

If you or someone else has any of these symptoms, act FAST and call 911. With stroke, time lost is brain lost.

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